查看“42个币”的源代码

== 挖矿和区块链 ==
挖矿是一个术语，指的是为42个币的区块链生成新的区块。 这个过程能够提供交易确认并保护运行历史。

'''''区块头'''''<br>
区块头是一种元数据结构，用于连接区块链中的区块。区块头的大小为80个字节，包含下列6中字段:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! 字段 !! 类型 !! 大小 !! 描述 !! 更新时间
|-
| 版本 || 无符号整型 || 4 || 区块头版本 || 更新软件后，就会指定一个新的版本号
|-
| 前一区块的哈希值 || 无符号字符型 || 32 || 前一[[区块头]]的哈希值，用来连接区块头和列表 || 接收新区块时
|-
| 根节点的哈希值 || 无符号字符型 || 32 || 默克树的哈希值，用来连接区块头和区块内容 || 交易池更新时
|-
| 时间戳 || 无符号整型 || 4 || Unix时间戳 || POW模式下每几秒更新一次，或每次成功尝试POS模式
|-
| 当前目标的哈希值 || 无符号整型|| 4 || 压缩格式的证明难度 || 调整挖矿难度时
|-
| 随机数 || 无符号整型 || 4 || 响应POW模式的尝试 || 尝试POW模式新的哈希值，从不使用POS模式
|}

每个区块头都需满足所要求的证明。

'''''工作机制'''''<br>
所有矿工在自己的交易池中都有一个副本，记录了全部未经确认的有效交易。通常挖矿分四个阶段进行：

·从交易池中获取交易集；

·为这组交易计算默克树哈希值;

·创建区块头模板并使用默克树哈希值将其与这组交易相关联; <br>
·尝试为之前创建的区块头寻找合适的证明哈希。

'''''什么能作为证明？'''''<br>
证明唯一必需的特性就是它很难获得，但验证却很容易。现存的有许多证明概念，如工作量证明、权益证明和燃烧证明。 42个币支持使用权益和工作量来为区块头提供合适的证据。

'''''确认文件的例子'''''<br>
请注意，以下示例不适用于生产，它在这里只是辅助描述一些设置的目的。

 # 42.conf configuration file. Lines beginning with # are comments.
 # Network-related settings:
 # Run on the test network instead of the real 42-coin network.
 #testnet=0
 # Connect via a socks4 proxy - default none
 #proxy=127.0.0.1:9050
 # Accepting incoming connections
 #listen=1
 # Use as many addnode= settings as you like to connect to specific peers
 #addnode=193.23.181.148
 #addnode=91.235.143.61:4242
 # ... or use as many connect= settings as you like to connect ONLY
 # to specific peers:
 #connect=193.23.181.148
 #connect=91.235.143.61:4242
 #Maximum number of inbound+outbound connections.
 #maxconnections=
 # JSON-RPC options (for controlling a running 42d process)
 # You must set rpcuser and rpcpassword to secure the JSON-RPC api
 #rpcuser=Ulysseys
 #rpcpassword=YourSuperGreatPasswordNumber_DO_NOT_USE_THIS_OR_YOU_WILL_GET_ROBBED
 # How many seconds 42-coin will wait for a complete RPC HTTP request after the HTTP connection is established. 
 #rpctimeout=30
 # By default, only RPC connections from localhost are allowed.  Specify as many rpcallowip= settings as you like to allow connections from other hosts (and you may use * as a wildcard character):
 #rpcallowip=10.1.1.34
 #rpcallowip=192.168.1.*
 # Listen for RPC connections on this TCP port:
 #rpcport=2121
 # You can use 42d to send commands to 42d running on another host using this option:
 #rpcconnect=127.0.0.1
 # Use Secure Sockets Layer (also known as TLS or HTTPS) to communicate with 42d
 #rpcssl=1
 # OpenSSL settings used when rpcssl=1
 #rpcsslciphers=TLSv1+HIGH:!SSLv2:!aNULL:!eNULL:!AH:!3DES:@STRENGTH
 #rpcsslcertificatechainfile=server.cert
 #rpcsslprivatekeyfile=server.pem
 # Miscellaneous options
 # Pre-generate this many public/private key pairs, so wallet backups will be valid for both prior transactions and several dozen future transactions.
 #keypool=100
 # Data directory path, your keys store, copy of blockchain and unspent outputs index are stored here.
 #datadir=D:\42
 # Wallet file name
 #wallet=wallet.dat
 # Checkpoints policy (possible values are strict and advisory)
 #cppolicy=strict
 # Require confirmations for change (disabled by default)
 #confchange=0
 # Enforce transaction scripts to use canonical PUSH operators enforcecanonical=1